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气候援助是国际气候谈判体系的重要组成部分。基于“共同但有区别的责任”原则,发达国家应通过提供资金及技术以支持发展中国家应对和适应气候变化已经成为国际共识。欧盟作为气候谈判的积极参与者之一,是当今世界最大的气候融资来源方,对国际气候援助具有关键性的影响。外交战略层面的欧盟气候援助以推动可持续发展及能力建设为目标,在政策构建中重视发展联盟关系、多元化途径设计并强调向技术倾斜。当前欧盟气候援助尚存在诸多桎梏,未来的气候援助将出现向主要缔约方施压以求责任分担、进一步减少公共财政比例、注重项目评估与监督等趋势。
Climate assistance is an important part of the international climate negotiating system. Based on the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”, it has become an international consensus that developed countries should provide financial resources and technologies to support developing countries in coping with and adapting to climate change. As one of the active participants in climate negotiations, the EU is the world’s largest source of climate financing and has a crucial impact on international climate assistance. At the diplomatic strategic level, the EU’s climate assistance aims at promoting sustainable development and capacity building. It attaches importance to the development of alliances in policy formulation and diversifies the design and emphasis on technology. At present, there are still many conflicts in the EU’s climate assistance. In the future, climate assistance will exert pressure on major contracting parties to share responsibilities, further reduce the proportion of public finance, and pay attention to the trend of project evaluation and supervision.