IntroductionrnDespite improved immunosuppression, rejection still accounts for significant morbidity and mortality after heart transplantation[1].Any method that improves early detection and hence treatment of rejection is likely to lead to improved long-term survival.Serial surveillance endomyocardial biopsies (EMB) following cardiac transplantation have become an integral component of post-transplant management.However, EMB is invasive, expensive, variable[2] and causes low but definitemorbidity[3].