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利用化学镀在YL113铝合金表面制备了非晶态Ni-P镀层,通过SEM、EDS和XRD等手段表征了其在不同温度下晶化处理后表面形貌、化学元素含量和物相组成。分析了晶化处理温度对镀层硬度的影响,并用HSR-2M型往复摩擦磨损试验机考察了Ni-P镀层磨损机制。结果表明,当晶化处理温度升高时,镀层晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,镀层中形成了以Ni为主的化合物,在350℃时硬度最高;350以后,如果晶化温度继续升高,晶粒尺寸增大,表现出以Ni的衍射峰强度增加的反霍佩琪效应;随晶化处理温度升高,镀层摩擦系数先增大后减小,在350℃时摩擦系数最小,磨损性能最好。晶化处理温度低于350℃、在350℃、高于350℃时的磨损机制分别为磨粒磨损、粘着磨损+磨粒磨损、粘着磨损。
The amorphous Ni-P coating was prepared on the surface of YL113 aluminum alloy by electroless plating. The surface morphology, chemical element content and phase composition after crystallization were characterized by SEM, EDS and XRD. The effect of crystallization temperature on the hardness of the coating was analyzed. The wear mechanism of Ni-P coating was investigated by HSR-2M reciprocating friction and wear tester. The results show that when the crystallization temperature increases, the grain size of the coating gradually increases, Ni-based compound is formed in the coating, and the hardness is the highest at 350 ℃. After 350, if the crystallization temperature continues to increase, the crystal The particle size increases and the anti-Hooper effect increases with the increase of the diffraction peak intensity of Ni. The friction coefficient of the coating first increases and then decreases with the increase of the crystallization temperature. The friction coefficient is the smallest and the wear performance is the best at 350 ℃. The wear mechanisms of the crystallization temperature below 350 ℃ and at 350 ℃ and above 350 ℃ are abrasive wear, adhesive wear, abrasive wear and adhesive wear, respectively.