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利用射线的穿透能力及其在穿透过程中物质对其吸收而引起的衰减程度的不同,是无损检测的基本手段之一。各种物质都有一个对X、γ射线辐射的质量吸收系数,这是射线分析中的一个重要物理量。现简单介绍它的来源和计算中的应用,以了解其意义。由于X射线(波长约10~(-2)～10~2A)和γ射线(波长约10~(-5)～10~(-2)A)都是电磁辐射,所以当它们穿过任何一种形态的均匀物质时,其中必有一部分透射,一部分则被吸收。
It is one of the basic means of non-destructive testing to utilize the penetrating ability of radiation and the degree of attenuation caused by its absorption in the process of penetration. Each substance has a mass absorption coefficient for X, γ-ray radiation, which is an important physical quantity in ray analysis. Its source and calculation are briefly introduced to understand its meaning. Because X-rays (about 10 -2 to 10 -2 A) and γ-rays (about 10 -5 to 10 -2 A) are electromagnetic radiation, when they pass through any one Species of uniform material, which must have some transmission, some are absorbed.