科学性和思想性是历史教学的基本要求。如果对于熟悉教材和分析教材不够深透,教学目的订的不够合适,如果教学方法由于种种条件而运用得不够理想,则会影响或决定教学效果的不能令人满意。这会使学生不能很好地掌握所学知识,用考试成绩来衡量,有些学生也许会不及格,最不好的甚至会得零分。但这充其量也只是等于没学而已。而若在科学性和思想性上有问题,即让学生学到的是错误的历史知识,接受的是错误的思想教育,则对学生来说会产生逆效果,还不如不学。例如“四人帮”横行时所搞的那一套歪曲史实而又别有用心的影射史学,使学生学了不但无益,反而中毒。所以说科学性和思想性是历史教学的基本要求,从原则上讲不许出错。在教学实践中,不易保证在科学性和思想上绝对不出错,但教师应当 Science and ideology are the basic requirements of history teaching. If you are not familiar with the familiar teaching materials and analytical teaching materials, the purpose of the teaching is not adequate. If the teaching methods are not ideally used due to various conditions, the teaching effect will be affected or determined unsatisfactory. This will prevent students from mastering what they have learned and using test scores. Some students may fail and the worst will score zero. But at best it is equal to not learning. If there is a problem in science and ideology, that is, if students learn the wrong historical knowledge and accept erroneous ideological education, they will have a counter effect for students. For example, when the “Gang of Four” went rampant, a set of historical histories that distorted historical facts with ulterior motives made students learn not only unhelpful but poisoned. Therefore, science and ideology are the basic requirements of history teaching. In principle, no mistakes can be made. In teaching practice, it is not easy to ensure that there is absolutely no mistake in science and ideology, but teachers should