作为以实验为基础的物理学科,在教学中应该使学生在认知、情感、意志、行为、态度、思维和学习方法等有较大提高,一方面通过实验掌握物理知识;另一方面通过实验培养学生的创造能力。下面就如何通过实验教学培养学生能力作简略阐述。 一、加强实验教学中的创造性和探索性 在过去的实验教学中,无论是验证性实验还是探索性实验,学生基本上采取应付或单纯模仿的态度。这种只是单纯的模仿、重复教师演示过的实验,会导致学生缺乏对知识的深入探讨,已经远远不能满足学生的求知欲望,必须改进。有的学生则错误的认为“反正结论我能从书本上知道,实验做不做都一样,只要记住结论就行了”。学生的这种认识是错误的,后果非常严重,不利于学生自身健康发展,它不仅挫伤学生主动学习和探索知识、探索真理的积极性,而且阻碍学生思维的 As an experiment-based physics subject, students should be allowed to improve their cognition, emotion, will, behavior, attitude, thinking, and learning methods in teaching. On the one hand, physical knowledge is learned through experiments; on the other hand, through experiments Cultivate students’ creativity. The following is a brief explanation of how to cultivate students’ ability through experimental teaching. First, to strengthen the creativity and exploratory nature of experimental teaching In the past experimental teaching, whether it is a confirmatory experiment or an exploratory experiment, students basically adopt an attitude of coping or simply imitating. This type of experiment, which is merely imitating and repeating the teacher’s demonstration, will lead to students lacking in-depth knowledge of the knowledge. It is far from satisfying students’ desire for knowledge and must be improved. Some students mistakenly believe that “anyway, I can tell from the book that experiments do not do the same, as long as we remember the conclusions.” This kind of understanding of students is wrong, and the consequences are very serious. It is not conducive to the healthy development of students themselves. It not only dampens the students’ initiative to learn and explore knowledge, but also actively explores the enthusiasm of the truth, and it also hinders students’ thinking.