“利用小孔成像原理估测太阳的平均密度”并不是一个崭新的课题,许多中学物理辅导资料上都有类似的习题,也有教师发表过相关论文。它的核心思想是利用万有引力定律和小孔成像原理,把太阳的质量和体积转化为其他易于测量的量。一、传统估测太阳平均密度的方法简介及评价如图1所示,D为太阳直径;d为太阳像的直径;r为太阳到小孔的距离(近似于地球公转轨道半径);l为小孔到太阳像的距离;θ为小孔对太阳的张角。假设地球绕太阳做匀速圆周运动,周期为T,那么 “Estimating the average solar density using the principle of pinhole imaging” is not a new topic. Many secondary school physics tutorials have similar exercises, and some teachers have published relevant papers. Its core idea is to use the law of gravity and pinhole imaging to convert the mass and volume of the sun into other easily measurable quantities. First, the traditional method of estimating the average density of the sun Introduction and evaluation of the method shown in Figure 1, D is the diameter of the sun; d is the diameter of the sun like; r is the distance from the sun to the hole (approximate Earth orbital radius); l Hole to the sun like the distance; θ aperture for the sun’s angle. Assuming that the Earth makes a constant circular motion around the sun with a period of T, then