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目的了解生产线上三硝基甲苯(TNT)对作业工人健康危害情况,分析TNT作业工人晶状体混浊情况,为控制TNT危害提供科学依据。方法对吉林市某工厂113名TNT作业化工人员进行职业性健康检查,包括视力检查和裂隙灯检查,检测眼晶状体混浊情况。结果该工厂TNT作业工人总体视力水平相对下降;晶状体混浊率为35.40%,男、女混浊率分别为44.87%、14.29%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄组:25岁~、35岁~、45岁~、55岁~的眼晶状体混浊率分别为7.69%、10.94%、87.10%、100%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同工龄:1年~、10年~、20年~、30年~的眼晶状体混浊率分别为25.00%、23.68%、31.37%、100%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且提示随着工龄的增加晶状体混浊率逐渐上升。结论 TNT对眼部的损伤主要是造成晶状体混浊,最终导致白内障。该厂TNT作业人员眼晶状体混浊现象不容忽视,应及时采取完善措施保护TNT作业人员的身体健康。
Objective To understand the health hazards of trinitrotoluene (TNT) on workers and analyze the opacity of lens in TNT workers so as to provide a scientific basis for controlling TNT hazards. Methods Occupational health examination was conducted on 113 TNT chemical workers in a factory in Jilin City, including visual acuity test and slit lamp examination to detect opacity of the lens of the eye. Results The total visual acuity of TNT workers in this factory was relatively decreased. The opacification rate of lens was 35.40%, the rate of opacity was 44.87% and 14.29% respectively in male and female, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) , The ophthalmological opacities of eyes from 35 to 45 years old and 55 years old were 7.69%, 10.94%, 87.10% and 100%, respectively (P <0.05) The ophthalmic lens opacities were 25.00%, 23.68%, 31.37%, 100% respectively in the years ~ 20 years ~ 30 years. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the opacification rate Gradually rising. Conclusions TNT damage to the eye is mainly caused by lens opacity, eventually leading to cataracts. TNT operators at the plant eye lens opacity can not be ignored, should take timely and comprehensive measures to protect the health of TNT operators.