同时性上消化道多原发癌是指不同部位同时发生的两个或两个以上的癌瘤。食管癌同时合并有贲门癌或胃癌,则称为上消化道重复癌。2个癌瘤发生时间小于6个月者称为同时性发生,大于6个月者称为异时性发生。本病的术前诊断对选择手术治疗方案、估计患者预后有重要价值。1材料与方法1 Simultaneous upper gastrointestinal multiple primary cancers refer to two or more cancers that occur simultaneously in different parts. Esophageal cancer combined with cardia or gastric cancer, then called upper gastrointestinal cancer. 2 cancer occurred less than 6 months were said to occur simultaneously, more than 6 months were referred to as heterochic occurred. Preoperative diagnosis of the disease on the choice of surgical treatment program, the prognosis of patients with important value. 1 Materials and methods 1