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刘知几在《史通·杂说上》指出:《史记》“虽叙三千年事,其间详备者,唯汉兴七十余载而已”。其意是说,太史公治史于当代用力最勤,用笔最详。有的学者据此分类统计,发现司马迁在总数130篇的《史记》中,用了半数以上篇幅记述耳闻目睹、时近迹真的当代史。其中,完全写西汉史的51篇,重点(或大部分)写西汉史的15篇,两者相加共66篇。由此可见,司马迁不仅是纪传体史书的开山,而且是治当代史的始祖。
Liu Zhi few pointed out in the “Shi Tong Miscellaneous” that: “Historical Records” “Although the description of three thousand years, during which a detailed person, only Han Xing more than seventy”. Its meaning is to say that the history of the Taishi history is the most hardworking in the contemporary era and the most detailed is the pen. According to the statistics of this classification, some scholars found that Sima Qian spent more than half of the total amount of 130 Historical Records describing the contemporary history when he saw and heard. Among them, 51 were completely written in the history of the Western Han Dynasty, and 15 were mainly (or mostly) written in the history of the Western Han Dynasty, adding a total of 66 articles. This shows that Sima Qian is not only the originator of history books, but also the ancestor of contemporary history.