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目的综合分析中国道路交通伤害(RTI)发生的主要驾驶员驾驶事故的危险因素,为预防决策提供参考依据。方法检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献数据库、Web of Science、Google学术、Pub Med等数据库及相关网站,收集所有关于中国RTI的主要驾驶员驾驶事故危险因素相关病例对照研究数据,采用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入14篇文献,累计病例3 161例,对照4 450例;Meta分析结果显示,中国驾驶员RTI发生的危险因素按危险性由高到低依次为:疏忽大意(OR=19.25,95%CI=9.16~40.48)、感觉判断错误(OR=15.62,95%CI=9.65~25.29)、不按规定让行(OR=15.10,95%CI=7.47~30.53)、措施不当(OR=11.23,95%CI=5.96~21.18)、从不检修(OR=9.34,95%CI=3.01~28.94)、酒后驾驶(OR=6.30,95%CI=2.64~15.02)、超载(OR=5.65,95%CI=3.40~9.40)、车祸史(OR=4.05,95%CI=2.95~5.56)、文化程度(OR=3.85,95%CI=1.91~7.74)、疲劳感(OR=3.46,95%CI=2.51~4.77)、闯红灯史(OR=1.86,95%CI=1.51~2.28)、超速行驶史(OR=1.30,95%CI=1.13~1.50)。结论疏忽大意、感觉判断错误、不按规定让行、措施不当、从不检修等是中国驾驶员RTI发生的主要危险因素,可据此制定相应措施来预防道路交通伤害的发生。
Objective To comprehensively analyze the risk factors of driving accidents caused by road traffic injuries (RTI) in China and provide reference for prevention and control. Methods The databases of Chinese Knowledge Network, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, China Biomedical Literature Database, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Pub Med and other relevant websites were collected to collect all the relevant cases of risk factors related to drivers’ driving accidents in China RTI Data were analyzed using the Stata 12.0 software for meta-analysis. The results were finally included in 14 articles, with a total of 3,161 cases and 4,450 controls. Meta-analysis showed that the risk factors for RTI in Chinese drivers were as follows: negligence (OR = 19.25, 95% (OR = 15.10, 95% CI = 7.47-30.53) and improper measures (OR = 11.23, CI = 9.16-40.48) (OR = 6.30, 95% CI = 2.64 ~ 15.02), overload (OR = 5.65, 95% CI = 5.96-21.18) (CI = 3.40 ~ 9.40), car accident history (OR = 4.05,95% CI = 2.95-5.56), education level (OR = 3.85,95% CI = 1.91-7.74) = 2.51 ~ 4.77). Red light history (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.51 ~ 2.28) was followed by speeding history (OR = 1.30,95% CI = 1.13-1.50). Conclusions The main risk factors of driver’s RTI in China are negligence, wrong judgment, improper behavior, improper measures and no maintenance. Based on this, measures can be taken to prevent road traffic injuries.