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目的分析肝硬化肝癌患者的生活质量,明确肝硬化肝癌患者的护理要点,为医院开展肝病患者的护理及健康教育工作提供参考依据。方法选择2014年4—6月北京佑安医院肝硬化患者60例,肝癌患者50例为研究对象,采用生活质量评估通用量表和癌症特异性系列量表调查110例肝硬化和肝癌患者的生活质量,并利用Epidata 3.02录入问卷数据,SPSS 20.0分析相关数据,通过非结构式访谈法了解110例患者的生活及患者获得社会和家庭的支持程度。结果 110例患者中,40.0%的患者产生中度以上疼痛或不舒服,43.3%的患者产生中度以上焦虑或抑郁,患者心理问题不容忽视;患者缺乏基本的肝病相关知识,不能进行疾病的自我管理;新型农村合作医疗肝硬化肝癌患者较城镇职工与城镇居民患者得到的社会支持程度低,25例新型农村合作医疗患者中有18例不能得到朋友支持,72例城镇职工与城镇居民患者有3例不能得到朋友支持,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而在获得家庭支持及其他方面的支持中,新型农村合作医疗患者与城镇职工城镇居民患者没有差异。结论关注肝硬化肝癌患者特异性病变护理,重视患者的心理护理;开展针对性的患者健康知识教育;关注肝病弱势人群,鼓励患者获取社会支持。
Objective To analyze the quality of life of cirrhotic patients with liver cancer, clarify the nursing points of liver cancer patients with cirrhosis and provide references for the hospital to carry out the nursing and health education of patients with liver diseases. Methods Sixty patients with liver cirrhosis and 50 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in Beijing You’an Hospital from April to June 2014 were selected as the study subjects. The life quality of 110 cirrhotic and hepatocellular carcinoma patients was investigated using the General Quality of Life Assessment Scale and the Cancer Specificity Scale. Quality, using Epidata 3.02 to enter questionnaire data, SPSS 20.0 to analyze the relevant data and to understand the life of 110 patients and the degree of social support and family support through non-structural interview. Results Of the 110 patients, 40.0% of the patients had moderate or severe pain or discomfort, 43.3% of the patients had moderate or severe anxiety or depression, and the psychological problems of the patients should not be neglected. Patients lack basic knowledge of liver disease and can not conduct disease self Management; New rural cooperative medical care of patients with liver cirrhosis compared to urban workers and urban residents receive a low degree of social support, 25 cases of new rural cooperative medical patients, 18 patients can not get the support of friends, 72 urban workers and urban residents have 3 Cases were not supported by friends, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and in the family support and other support, the new rural cooperative medical care patients and urban workers urban residents no difference. Conclusion Concerned patients with liver cirrhosis-specific disease care, attention to patient psychological care; to carry out targeted patient health education; attention to vulnerable groups of liver disease, encourage patients to obtain social support.