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目的了解老年患者下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及其对抗菌药物的耐药情况,以为临床制定预防和控制措施提供依据。方法对2007年1月至2007年12月1960例呼吸道感染的老年患者痰标本进行细菌培养及药敏试验。结果共分离培养出病原菌925株,以革兰阴性杆菌居首位596株(64.4%),其次为真菌195株(21.1%)、革兰阳性球菌134株(14.5%)。革兰阴性杆菌的产超广谱β-内酰胺酶菌株阳性率为17.4%(104/596)。碳青酶烯类抗菌药物对肠杆菌科细菌仍保持100.0%的抗菌活性。结论老年患者下呼吸道感染的病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,但真菌感染日趋增加,值得关注。
Objective To understand the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection in elderly patients and its resistance to antimicrobial agents in order to provide the basis for clinical prevention and control measures. Methods From January 2007 to December 2007, the bacterial culture and drug susceptibility tests of sputum samples from 1960 aged patients with respiratory tract infection were carried out. Results A total of 925 pathogenic bacteria were isolated and cultured. Among them, 596 strains (64.4%) were gram-negative bacilli, followed by 195 strains (21.1%) and 134 Gram-positive cocci strains (14.5%). Gram-negative bacilli production of extended-spectrum β-lactamase strains positive rate was 17.4% (104/596). Carbapenems antibacterials still retain 100.0% antibacterial activity against Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli are the main pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection in elderly patients, but fungal infections are increasing day by day.