社会保障(Social Security)是国家以法律、规章确立对遇到患病、伤残、生育、年老、失业、灾害或其他风险的社会成员给予相应经济的、物质的、服务的帮助,以保障其生活需求的社会经济福利制度。社会保障具有五大基本特征:一、保障性;二、普遍性;三、公平性;四、强制性;五、互济性。因此,人们往往把社会保障比作是社会的安全网、减震器。社会保险是社会保障的一个最基本的组成部分,是国家用法律的手段对国民收入进行再分配,建立专门的消费基金,对劳动者在暂时或永久丧失劳动能力及暂时失去劳动岗位时,给予一定的物质帮助,以保障其家 Social Security is the state that has established laws and regulations to provide economic, material and service assistance to members of the society who suffer illness, disability, maternity, old age, unemployment, disasters or other risks in order to protect The social and economic welfare system of their life needs. Social security has five basic characteristics: First, the protection of; Second, the universality; Third, the fairness; Fourth, mandatory Five, mutual aid. Therefore, people often compare social security to social safety net and shock absorber. Social insurance is one of the most basic components of social security. It is the state’s redistribution of national income by means of law and the establishment of a special consumer fund to provide workers with temporary or permanent loss of working ability and temporary loss of labor positions Certain material help to protect their home