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目的了解南方某地16～60周岁人群环境铅暴露情况,分析影响血铅水平升高的危险因素以及铅暴露所致的健康损害。方法随机选取居住于当地>5年,食用当地自产食物的人群,石墨炉原子吸收法检测血、尿、头发、趾/指甲样本中铅浓度。自制调查问卷面询。采用SPSS软件进行分析。结果412名调查对象血铅水平为(64.1±1.8)μg/L,尿铅、发铅、指(趾)甲铅分别为(11.0±1.7),(11.7±3.4),(12.1±3.4)μg/g。对数变换的尿铅、发铅、甲铅与血铅呈正相关,对应Pearson相关系数分别为0.485,0.317,0.350;居住于D村、饮酒、男性是血铅升高的危险因素;发铅、指(趾)甲铅与失眠、记忆力减退、手脚麻木、视力模糊等自觉症状的发生有关。结论A村铅暴露最严重,男性、饮酒是血铅增高的危险因素。
Objective To understand the environmental lead exposure in people aged 16 ~ 60 in a southern part of the country, and to analyze the risk factors that affect the blood lead level and the health damage caused by lead exposure. Methods A random sample of people who lived in the area for> 5 years and consumed locally produced foods were tested for lead concentration in blood, urine, hair, toe / nail samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Self-made questionnaire interview. Using SPSS software for analysis. Results The blood lead levels of 412 subjects were (64.1 ± 1.8) μg / L and (11.0 ± 1.7), (11.7 ± 3.4) and (12.1 ± 3.4) μg / g. Logarithmic transformation of urine lead, hair lead, lead and lead was positively correlated with blood lead, the corresponding Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.485,0.317,0.350; residing in the village D, drinking, men are risk factors for elevated blood lead; hair lead, Finger (toe) lead and insomnia, memory loss, numbness of hands and feet, blurred vision and other symptoms related to the occurrence. Conclusion A village lead exposure is the most serious, men, drinking is a risk factor for elevated blood lead.