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采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱(GFAAS)法测定不同类别中药材中的镉,并研究其中镉元素的分布规律及限量控制措施。通过优化微波消解法的消化试剂,使9类中药材不同用药部位均完全消解;以2%磷酸二氢铵溶液为基体改进剂,进行方法学考察。镉元素在0～2 ng/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好。低、中、高浓度样品的回收率为81.2%～97.4%,RSD<9%。测定了23种中药材中的镉,GFAAS法与电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)方法测定结果的相对平均偏差≤20%。不同用药部位中药材镉残留量依次为:动物类叶类全草类花类茎类皮类果实类根类种子类。
The contents of cadmium in different types of Chinese herbal medicines were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) and the distribution of cadmium and the limited control measures were studied. By optimizing the digestion reagent of microwave digestion method, 9 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines were completely digested by different administration sites; 2% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution was used as matrix modifier for methodological study. The linearity of cadmium in the concentration range of 0 ~ 2 ng / ml was good. The recoveries of low, medium and high concentration samples ranged from 81.2% to 97.4% with RSD <9%. Determination of cadmium in 23 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines, the relative average deviation of GFAAS method and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method was less than or equal to 20%. The cadmium residues of Chinese medicinal materials in different administration sites were as follows: animal leaf whole plant flower stem stem skin kind root type seed.