The effect of Ligustrazine on the hematopoiesis after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in allogenic BMT mice was investigated. After the typical mice model of allogenic BMT had been established, the mice were randomly divided into three groups: BMT group, Ligustrazine group and normal group. The BMT group was given normal saline (0.2 ml, twice a day) through gastric tube, while the Ligustrazine group was given Ligustrazine through gastric tube (0.2 ml, twice a day). At the 1st, 7th and 14th day after BMT, we observed the peripheral blood cells and bone marrow nuclear cells (BMNC), as well as the expression level of Heparan Sulfate (HS) and stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF 1) on bone marrow sections by using immunohistochemistry (SABC AP), the expression of CXCR4 on the BMNC. The results showed that on the 7th and 14th day, the peripheral blood white cells, platelets, BMNC and the expression levels of CXCR4, HS and SDF 1 were significantly higher in Ligustrazine group than in the BMT group ( P <0.05). It was concluded that Ligustrazine could promote hematopoiesis at the early stage of hematopoietic reconstitution after BMT. The effect of Ligustrazine on the hematopoiesis after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in allogenic BMT mice was investigated. After the typical mice model of allogenic BMT had been established, the mice were randomly divided into three groups: BMT group, Ligustrazine group and normal group The BMT group was given normal saline (0.2 ml, twice a day) through gastric tube, while the Ligustrazine group was given Ligustrazine through gastric tube (0.2 ml, twice a day). At the 1st, 7th and 14th day after BMT, We observed the peripheral blood cells and bone marrow nuclear cells (BMNC), as well as the expression level of Heparan Sulfate (HS) and stromal cell derived factor 1 (SDF 1) on bone marrow sections by using immunohistochemistry (SABC AP), the Expression of CXCR4 on the BMNC. The results showed that on the 7th and 14th day, the peripheral blood white cells, platelets, BMNC and the expression levels of CXCR4, HS and SDF 1 were significantly higher in Ligustrazine group than in The BMT group ( P <0.05). It was concluded that Ligustrazine could promote hematopoiesis at the early stage of hematopoietic reconstitution after BMT.