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3,5,6-三氯-2-羟基吡啶(3,5,6-trichloro-2-hydroxy-pyridine),简称三氯吡啶醇,是重要的农药中间体,主要用于合成光谱有机磷杀虫剂、杀螨剂毒死蜱,同时又是一种性能优良的螯合浮选剂。毒死蜱是世界上产量最大的农药品种之一,是一种高效、广谱、低残留和低抗药性的有机农药。从2005年开始,甲胺磷、对硫磷、3911等剧毒农药已全面禁止生产,用毒死蜱这样高效、低毒、低残留的农药替代是大势所趋。合成毒死蜱的关键是合成3,5,6-三氯-2-羟基吡啶。3,5,6-三氯-2-羟基吡啶的合成方法较复杂,合成路线多,国内外对其合成做了大量研究工作,其合成工艺目前仍是研究热点。作者对国内外文献进行综合分析,根据所采用的起始原料及合成机理划分为加成环合法和吡啶及其衍生物氯化法两类,共5种合成路线,并对各种路线进行了比较和评价。
3,5,6-trichloro-2-hydroxy-pyridine (3,5,6-trichloro-2-hydroxy-pyridine), referred to as trichloropyridyl alcohol, is an important pesticide intermediates, mainly for the synthesis of spectral phosphorus Insecticides, acaricides chlorpyrifos, but also a good chelating flotation agent. Chlorpyrifos is one of the largest varieties of pesticides in the world. It is an organic pesticide with high efficiency, broad spectrum, low residue and low resistance. Since 2005, methamidophos, parathion, 3911 and other highly toxic pesticides have been banned from production. With chlorpyrifos such an efficient, low toxicity, low residual pesticide alternative is the trend of the times. The key to the synthesis of chlorpyrifos is the synthesis of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-hydroxypyridine. The synthesis of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-hydroxypyridine is more complicated and has many synthetic routes. A great deal of research work has been done on the synthesis of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-hydroxypyridine. The synthesis process is still a hot spot. Based on a comprehensive analysis of domestic and foreign literatures, the author classifies into five types of synthesis routes based on the starting materials and the synthesis mechanism adopted by the method of addition-ring method and the chlorination of pyridine and its derivatives, and conducts various routes Compare and evaluate.