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在群体水培条件下,以国内、外不同年代育成的常规籼稻代表品种(2001年为88个、2002年为122个)为材料,测定干物重(包括根系)、根系性状和根系活性、产量及其构成因素等,采用组内最小平方和的动态聚类方法将供试品种按单穗重从低到高依次分为A、B、C、D、E、F6类,研究各类品种根系的基本特点。结果表明,供试品种间单穗重的差异很大(两年分别相差493%和764%),A、B、C、D、E、F类品种的平均单穗重,2001年分别为0.99、1.56、2.00、2.54、3.16、4.08g,2002年分别为0.82、1.38、1.80、2.38、3.04、4.29g。大穗型品种每株不定根总长、每株根干重、每株根系总吸收面积显著大于小穗型品种。大穗型品种每穗根数、每穗根重、每穗根长、每穗根系总吸收面积、每穗根系活跃吸收面积、每穗根系活性显著优于小穗型品种。多元回归分析表明,显著影响单穗重的主要根系性状是每穗根长、每穗根重、抽穗期冠根比、每穗根系总活力,决定系数为0.620~0.639。随着每穗根长、每穗根重、抽穗期冠根比、每穗根系总活力提高单穗重显著增加。
Under the condition of population hydroponics, the indica rice varieties (88 in 2001 and 122 in 2002) bred at different age at home and abroad were used as materials to determine the dry matter weight (including root system), root system and root activity, And their components, the dynamic clustering method based on the least square sum of the group was used to divide the tested varieties into single A, B, C, D, E and F6 categories from low to high, The basic characteristics. The results showed that there was a great difference in the single panicle weight among the tested cultivars (493% and 764% respectively in two years), and the average single panicle weight of the A, B, C, D, E and F cultivars was 0.99 , 1.56,2.00,2.54,3.16,4.08g, 2002 respectively 0.82,1.38,1.80,2.38,3.04,4.29g. The total length of adventitious roots per plant, dry root weight per plant, total absorbed area per plant root was significantly greater than that of spikelets. The number of panicles per panicle, the root weight per panicle, the root length per panicle, the total root absorption area per panicle, the active absorption area per panicle, and the panicle activity per panicle of the large panicle type were significantly higher than those of the spikelet type. Multiple regression analysis showed that the main root traits significantly affected the root length per panicle, root weight per panicle, crown-root ratio at heading stage, and total root activity per panicle, with a coefficient of determination of 0.620-0.639. With the root length per ear, root weight per ear, crown-root ratio at heading stage, the total spikelet activity per panicle increased significantly.