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战争实践多次证明了制空权的重要性,能否牢牢控制战场制空权将直接关系到战争胜负的结局。而空军是争夺制空权的骨干力量,其作战能力的发挥又极大地依赖于机场等重要设施的正常动作,因此,机场通常是被优先选择进行攻击的重要目标。在机场众多组成的设施(如飞机掩蔽库)中,跑道又是相对最容易被摧毁的。跑道一般长2000-4000米,宽40- 80米,厚200-400毫米,跑道表面通常铺设混凝土或是沥青混凝土等,因此目标大,特征明显,难以伪装,易于攻击。但是混凝土比较坚硬,抗炸能力较强,一般的炸弹只能在跑道表面炸出一个小坑。因此,研制能有效摧毁跑道的航空弹药就成为世界各国关注的热点。经过科研人员的长期努力,一大批威力巨大的反跑道弹药逐渐被运用于实战之中,取得了惊人的战绩。反跑道弹药的发展大体上可分为以下3个发展阶段——反跑道炸弹、系留式布撒器和抛放式布撒器,涌现了一批典型的反跑道弹药。
The practice of war proves time and again the importance of airpower, and whether or not we can firmly control the airpower in the battlefield will have a direct bearing on the outcome of the war. While the Air Force is the backbone force in the fight for airpower, its operational capability relies heavily on the normal operation of important facilities such as airports. Therefore, the airport is usually an important target of being given the priority to attack. The runway is relatively the most easily destroyed in the numerous facilities at the airport (such as the aircraft shelter). The runways are generally 2000-4000 meters long, 40-80 meters wide and 200-400 millimeters thick. The runway surface is usually paved with concrete or asphalt concrete, etc. Therefore, the target is large with obvious features and is difficult to disguise and easy to attack. However, the concrete is relatively hard, strong anti-explosive ability, the general bomb can only blew a small hole in the surface of the runway. Therefore, the development of the aviation ammunition that can effectively destroy the runway has become a hot issue of all countries in the world. After long-term efforts of scientific research personnel, a large number of powerful anti-runway ammunition has been gradually applied to actual combat and has achieved an amazing record. The development of anti-runway ammunition can be broadly divided into the following three stages of development - anti-runway bombs, tethered scatters and dished-out spreaders, and a number of typical anti-runway ammunition emerged.