目的探讨神经生长因子受体（ＮＧＦＲ）在先天性巨结肠（ＨＤ）中的分布情况及其意义。方法应用ＮＧＦＲ免疫组化方法对１０例３周～２岁的ＨＤ患儿及８例对照组患儿结肠进行染色观察。结果丰富的ＮＧＦＲ染色阳性神经纤维分布于正常结肠环肌层及粘膜下层，少量分布于纵肌层，ＮＧＦＲ染色阳性神经元分布于肌间神经丛及粘膜下神经丛；ＮＧＦＲ染色阳性神经纤维在ＨＤ无肌间神经节细胞肠段肌层及粘膜下层内明显减少或缺如，而肌间肥大的神经干及粘膜下神经干为ＮＧＦＲ染色阳性，并且在其外周可见一强阳性染色带。结论ＮＧＦＲ在无神经节细胞肠段的异常分布可能与ＨＤ的发病机理有关，ＮＧＦＲ免疫组化染色对ＨＤ可能具有诊断价值 Objective To investigate the distribution of nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) in Hirschsprung ’s disease (HD) and its significance. Methods NGFR immunohistochemistry was used to examine the colon of 10 children with HD at 3 weeks to 2 years old and 8 controls. Results NGFR staining positive nerve fibers distributed in the normal colonic muscle and submucosa, a small amount of distribution in the longitudinal muscle layer, NGFR staining positive neurons in the myenteric plexus and submucosal plexus; NGFR staining positive fibers in the HD Myenteric ganglion cells in the intestinal muscle and submucosa was significantly reduced or absent, while the intermuscular hypertrophy of the neural stem and submucosal nerve stems were positive for NGFR staining, and in the periphery of a strong positive staining bands. Conclusion The abnormal distribution of NGFR in the ganglion cell ganglion may be related to the pathogenesis of HD, and NGFR immunohistochemical staining may be of diagnostic value for HD