建国后很长一段时期,我国粮食生产所需肥料仅仅是农家肥,而无化肥可施。鉴于当时的国情,为了国民经济的需要,上世纪60-70年代,在全国各地上马了一大批合成氨能力为10万吨以下的“小氮肥”装置,主要产品为碳铵,含氮量不足20%。到了70年代,我国又引进的13套大型化肥装置,引领了中国化肥特别是氮肥行业逐渐与世界接轨。改革开放三十年来,我国化肥产业得到长足发展,农业部的资料显示,从1979年至2013年35年间,我国化肥用量由1086万吨增加到5912万吨,年均增长率5.2%。现在,我国的化肥(除钾肥外)已经完全自给,而且还大量出口。为保障国家粮食安全和农业发 After the founding of the PRC for a long period of time, the fertilizer needed for grain production in our country was only manure but no fertilizer was available. In view of the current national conditions, in order to meet the needs of the national economy, a large number of “small nitrogenous fertilizer” devices with an ammonia capacity of less than 100,000 tons were launched throughout the country in the 1960s and 1970s. The main products were ammonium bicarbonate and nitrogen Less than 20%. By the 1970s, 13 large-scale chemical fertilizer plants introduced in our country led the gradual integration of Chinese chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogenous fertilizers, with the rest of the world. Since the reform and opening up, China’s fertilizer industry has made great strides. According to the information from the Ministry of Agriculture, from 1979 to 2013, the amount of chemical fertilizer in China increased from 10.86 million tons to 59.12 million tons with an average annual growth rate of 5.2%. Now, China’s fertilizer (in addition to potash) has been completely self-sufficient, but also a large number of exports. To safeguard national food security and agricultural development