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为提高丘陵旱地的经济效益,2002～2003年在新晃进行了粮—药型高效种植模式研究。结果表明,杭白菊/糯玉米投产比最高,每公顷纯收入为33645元,投产比为1∶6.32;其次为杭白菊/糯高粱,每公顷纯收入为32019元,投产比为1∶5.34;丹参、杭白菊、半夏/春玉米三种模式,每公顷纯收入分别为23802,30113.42和27146.4元,投产比分别为1∶4.53,1∶5.01和1∶2.91。粮—药型高效模式,采用分带种植,合理安排主、副作物的茬口衔接,中药材选择耐荫、植株矮小、前期生长慢的品种,而间套春玉米、糯高粱、糯玉米等选择早熟、优质、高产、植株紧凑的品种,实现高矮作物的合理配置。春玉米、糯玉米的密度以每公顷1.5万～1.8万株、糯高粱以2.25万～3.0万株为宜。采用覆盖育苗移栽,错开作物茬口,根据不同作物的生长发育特点,分别采取不同的栽培管理措施,促进主副作物平衡增产。
In order to improve the economic benefits of the hilly drylands, a study of grain-drug efficient planting patterns was conducted in Xinhuang from 2002 to 2003. The results showed that Chrysanthemum morifolium / waxy maize had the highest production ratio of 33645 yuan per hectare and the production ratio was 1: 6.32, followed by Chrysanthemum morifolium / glutinous sorghum, with a net income of 32,019 yuan per hectare and a production ratio of 1: Salvia miltiorrhiza, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Pinellia ternata / Spring maize, the net income per hectare was 23802, 30113.42 and 27146.4 yuan, respectively. The put into production ratios were 1: 4.53, 1: 5.01 and 1: 2.91 respectively. Food-drug-efficient model, the use of zoning planting, reasonable arrangements for the main crop and crop stubble convergence, selection of Chinese herbs shade, short plants, slow growth of early varieties, and sets of spring corn, waxy sorghum, waxy corn and other options Precocious, high quality, high yield, compact plant varieties, to achieve the rational allocation of high crops. Spring corn, waxy corn density of 15,000 to 18,000 per hectare, waxy sorghum to 22,500 - 30,000 is appropriate. Use cover seedling transplanting, stagger crop stubble, according to the growth characteristics of different crops, take different cultivation and management measures to promote the balanced production of main and auxiliary crops.