八旗制度创建于满族兴起与后金建立之际 ,并同清朝相始终。它从原始狩猎组织———牛录 ,发展为军事、政治、经济、社会职能俱全的八旗制度 ,后来又从多职能 ,逐步转化为单一的军事组织。这些变化完全是由于社会制度的变迁所致。因此 ,它的建立、发展与衰亡的全过程 ,必然从多 The Eight Banners system was founded on the occasion of the rise of Manchu nationality and the founding of the Later People’s Republic and has always been with the Qing Dynasty. From the original hunting organization --- Niu Lu, it developed into the Eight Banners of the military, political, economic and social functions and then gradually transformed from a multi-functional to a single military organization. These changes are entirely due to changes in the social system. Therefore, its establishment, development and decline of the whole process, inevitably more