近十年来,胆石症诊断技术进步迅速,推动了胆道外科的发展。随着胆石形成机制的深入研究,出现了新型胆石溶解剂,其应用将带来胆石症防治的革新。本文简要介绍日本近年来胆石症研究概况。胆石形成机制与溶石疗法按成份将胆石大致分为两类,以胆色素为主要成份者称为胆色素性结石,常存在于胆道中,且可伴有发热、黄疸等症状;以胆固醇为主者谓之胆固醇性结石,一般在胆囊内,多无症状。两种胆石形成机制不同。1.胆色素性结石含胆色素30～40%,还含有胆汁酸、胆固醇、重金属,蛋白质、磷 The past decade, cholelithosis diagnosis of rapid progress, and promote the development of biliary surgery. With the in-depth study of gallstone formation mechanism, a new type of gallstone dissolving agent has emerged, and its application will bring about the innovation of prevention and treatment of cholelithiasis. This article briefly introduces the research progress of cholelithiasis in Japan in recent years. Gallstone formation mechanism and dissolution stone therapy According to the composition of the gallstone can be roughly divided into two categories, the main component of the pigment as biliary pigment called bile pigment stones, often exist in the biliary tract, and may be accompanied by fever, jaundice and other symptoms; cholesterol The main person that the cholesterol stones, usually in the gallbladder, and many asymptomatic. Two different forms of gallstone formation. 1. Bile pigment stones with bile pigment 30 to 40%, also contains bile acids, cholesterol, heavy metals, protein, phosphorus