简单性原则是科学研究的方法论原理。从这种原则出发,科学在对观察到的现象作出合理解释或进行推理论证时,必须力求简单。因为简单的理论和方法概括了更多的经验事实,包含了更大的信息量,具有更大的普遍性;同时科学论证的简明扼要、逻辑清晰,也为读者提供了最简捷的认识途径。物理学家马赫说:“从经济角度看,高度发展的科学,就是那些可以把事实归结为少数性质相似的要素的科学。”这里所说的 The principle of simplicity is the methodological principle of scientific research. Proceeding from this principle, science must strive to be simple when it comes to reasoning or reasoning about observed phenomena. Because simple theories and methods summarize more empirical facts, contain a greater amount of information, and have greater universality. In the meantime, the conciseness and logical clarity of scientific arguments provide readers with the simplest ways of knowing. Physicist Mach said: “From an economic point of view, highly developed science is the science that attributes the facts to a handful of similarities.” "What we mean here