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目的了解成都市大型商场宾馆集中式空调通风系统的污染情况,为预防和控制传播性疾病通过集中空调系统的传播提供科学依据。方法根据卫生部《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》(2006)附录的标准采样方法对集中空调通风系统进行现场采样、检测。检测指标包括送风中细菌总数、真菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌,冷却水中嗜肺军团菌,风管内表面积尘量和微生物含量等卫生指标。结果送风中空气卫生指标细菌总数超标率55.17%,PM10(可吸入尘)超标率15.38%,风管内表面卫生指标中积尘量超标率4.76%,细菌总数超标率14.29%。30家大型商场宾馆的空调系统的管道积尘和微生物指标经综合评价,只有10%符合国家卫生标准要求。结论成都市大型商场宾馆集中空调污染较严重,应加强卫生管理。
Objective To understand the pollution situation of centralized air conditioning and ventilation system in large shopping mall hotels in Chengdu and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the spread of communicable diseases through the central air conditioning system. Methods According to the standard sampling method of appendix of “Health Specification of Central Air Conditioning Ventilation System in Public Places” (2006) of the Ministry of Public Health, the centralized air conditioning and ventilation system was sampled on site and tested. Detection indicators include the total number of bacteria in the air supply, the total number of fungi, β-hemolytic streptococcus, Legionella pneumophila in cooling water, the amount of dust on the inner surface of the duct and microbial health indicators. Results Air hygienic index of bacteria in air exceeded the standard rate of 55.17%, PM10 (inhalable dust) exceeded the standard rate of 15.38%, air duct surface health indicators in excess of 4.76% of the amount of dust, bacteria exceeded the total rate of 14.29%. 30 large-scale shopping malls hotel air-conditioning system of pipe dust and microbial indicators by a comprehensive evaluation, only 10% in line with national health standards. Conclusion Chengdu large-scale shopping malls concentrated air-conditioning pollution is more serious, should strengthen health management.