评论要有针对性。所谓针对性,是说论题针对着一定的倾向、一定的时弊、一定的思想认识问题、一定的现实生活的现象,等等。写评论的人都知道,针对性可以使评论文章更加贴近实际,而且也使文章本身易于产生“聚焦”的效果。而无的放矢,背向读者,那样的评论是难以激发起读者的“阅读兴趣”的。针对性不等于人为地设置的“对立面”,然而这两者之间又很容易混淆起来。所谓人为地设置“对立面”,无非是把读者中的某一群或某一层当作批评的对象,在批评声中建立起评论的架势。有些评论,写着写着,笔尖就指着读者的鼻尖,数落起读者的种种不是来了。之所以说这是“人为”的,是因为这种“对立面”,不是从事物的情状和本质中提取的,仅 Comments should be targeted. The so-called pertinence means that the thesis is aimed at certain tendencies, certain shortcomings, certain ideological problems, certain real-life phenomena, and so on. Those who write reviews know that targeting can make a review article more realistic, and it also tends to make the article itself “focused.” And without direction, back to the reader, that comment is difficult to stimulate the reader’s “reading interest.” Targeting does not mean that the artificially set the “opposite”, but between the two is very easy to confuse. The so-called artificially set the “opposite” is nothing more than a group or a certain layer of readers as the object of criticism, criticism sound to establish a posture of commentary. Some commentary, written saying, nib pointed to the tip of the reader, countless people come not from the reader. The reason why this is “artificial” is that this “opposite” is not extracted from the state and nature of things, and only