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目的了解淄博市出生缺陷发生情况及相关因素,制定干预措施,提高出生人口素质。方法按照全国出生缺陷监测中心制定的监测方案,对全市所有接生定点单位开展了出生缺陷监测工作。结果监测91 023例围产儿中出生缺陷儿529例,出生缺陷发生率为58.12/万,前五位出生缺陷依次是先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、总唇裂、神经管畸形和先天性脑积水。出生缺陷与户口所在地无关;35岁以上和25岁以下年龄组出生缺陷发生率明显高于25-29岁和30-34岁年龄组,差异有统计学意义;初中以下文化程度妇女出生缺陷发生率明显高于高中以上文化程度者,差异有统计学意义;男婴出生缺陷发生率明显高于女婴;产前和产后确诊率为44.42%和55.58%。结论广泛开展健康教育,做好婚前保健与孕产妇保健,开展产前诊断和遗传优生咨询,可减少出生缺陷的发生。
Objective To understand the incidence and related factors of birth defects in Zibo and to make interventions to improve the quality of the birth population. Methods According to the monitoring plan developed by the National Birth Defective Monitoring Center, birth defect monitoring was carried out on all sentinel units in the city. Results A total of 522 cases of birth defects in 91 023 perinatals were detected. The incidence of birth defects was 58.12 / 000. The top five birth defects were congenital heart disease, multiple fingers, total cleft lip, neural tube defects and congenital hydrocephalus. The birth defects were not related to the location of the household registration. The incidence of birth defects in those over 35 years of age and those under 25 years of age was significantly higher than that of 25-29 years and 30-34 years old. The difference was statistically significant. The incidence of women with birth defects The difference was statistically significant. The incidence of birth defects in male infants was significantly higher than that of female infants. The prenatal and postnatal diagnosis rates were 44.42% and 55.58%. Conclusions Extensive health education, prenuptial care and maternal health care, prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for eugenics can reduce the incidence of birth defects.