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目的探讨不同分娩方式对婴儿期儿童智力发育水平的影响。方法随机选取2011年12月份参加健康体的211名(12±1)月龄期儿童,采用修订的ASQ-C(修订年龄与发育进程问卷,Ages and Stages Questionnaires,ASQ-C)对儿童的父母/照看人进行问卷调查,调整相应因素后,按分娩情况分为顺产组和剖宫产组,采用SPSS 17.0统计包进行分析。结果男女童智力发育水平得分差异均无统计学意义(t=0.017,P>0.05)。城区儿童智力发育得分高于乡镇儿童(t=2.418,P<0.05),居住在城区的儿童的沟通能区(t=2.453)和大动作能区(t=2.400)得分高于居住在乡镇地区的儿童(P均<0.05),而精细动作能区、解决问题能区、个人社会能区无差异(P>0.05)。顺产组儿童智力水平高于剖宫产组(t=3.039),顺产组儿童的沟通能区(t=2.933)、精细动作能区(t=2.455)和个人-社会能区(t=3.039)的得分均高于剖宫产组儿童的得分(P均<0.01),大动作能区(t=1.774)和解决问题能区(t=1.810)两组无差异(P均>0.05)。结论智力发育水平在性别间无差异,居住地是影响儿童智力发育水平的因素之一。剖宫产手术对儿童智力发育水平存在不利影响。
Objective To explore the effects of different modes of delivery on the mental development of infants. Methods Totally 211 children (12 ± 1) months of age who participated in healthy body in December 2011 were selected and their parents were tested by revised ASQ-C (Ages and Stages Questionnaires, ASQ-C) / Caregivers conducted a questionnaire survey, adjust the corresponding factors, according to the delivery situation is divided into the cesarean section and the delivery group, the use of SPSS 17.0 statistical package for analysis. Results There was no significant difference in mental development between boys and girls (t = 0.017, P> 0.05). The scores of mental development of urban children were higher than that of township children (t = 2.418, P <0.05). The children living in urban areas had higher scores of communication ability (t = 2.453) Of children (all P <0.05). There was no significant difference in fine motor ability area, energy problem solving area and individual social energy area (P> 0.05). The level of intelligence of children in the cesarean section group was significantly higher than that of the cesarean section group (t = 3.039), that of the childbirth group (t = 2.933), fine motor ability zone (t = 2.455) (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05) for the areas of major motor activity (t = 1.774) and problem solving areas (t = 1.810). Conclusion There is no difference in the level of mental development among the sexes, and the place of residence is one of the factors affecting the level of mental development in children. Caesarean surgery has an adverse effect on the level of mental development in children.