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1 概述 工业炉窑是重要的热加工设备,也是能源消耗大户,约占我国能源总耗量的1/4。机械行业燃料炉约2.7万台,占全国炉窑台数的35.4％,每年耗能约462.8万吨标煤。然而炉窑的热效率很低仅有15％左右,差的只有5～6％,与发达国家先进水平(日本30～40％)相差甚远。根据炉窑热平衡测试,燃烧热的支出有相当大的部分是随烟气排出炉外,据不完全统计全国炉窑可利用的烟气余热估计每年约0.15亿吨标煤以上,相当于一个中等矿井年生产量。由此可见,工业炉窑烟气余热充分利用,是提高炉窑热效率、降低单位燃耗的一项重要措施。 2 换热器在工业炉窑中使用的意义
1 Overview Industrial furnace is an important thermal processing equipment, but also a large household energy consumption, accounting for about one-fourth of China’s total energy consumption. About 27,000 fuel furnaces are used in the machinery industry, accounting for 35.4% of the total number of furnaces in the country. The annual energy consumption is about 4.6228 million tons of standard coal. However, the kiln’s thermal efficiency is very low, only about 15%, the difference is only 5 ~ 6%, and advanced level in developed countries (Japan 30 ~ 40%) is far from. According to the furnace heat balance test, a considerable part of the heat of combustion is discharged out of the furnace with flue gas. According to incomplete statistics, the available waste heat from the flue gas in national furnaces is estimated to be about 15 million tons of standard coal a year, equivalent to a medium Mine annual production. Thus it can be seen that full utilization of waste heat from industrial furnace kilns is an important measure to increase the thermal efficiency of furnaces and reduce unit fuel consumption. 2 heat exchanger in the use of industrial furnace significance