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高超声速飞行器高马赫数飞行时,翼、舵及垂尾等板形姿态控制结构将会面临极为严酷的高温环境,为了获得难于实测的结构在高温与振动复合环境下的热模态参数,本文将瞬态气动热试验模拟系统与振动试验系统相结合,建立了高温热/振联合试验测试系统,实现了高达1 200℃热环境下矩形板结构的模态频率等关键振动参数的试验测试。同时,对矩形板结构的热模态特性进行了数值计算,并将试验结果与计算结果进行对比验证。试验中通过自行研制的耐高温陶瓷导杆引伸装置将结构上的振动信号传递至高温热场之外,使用常温加速度传感器对振动信号进行参数识别;并运用时-频联合分析技术对试验数据进行分析处理。本文所获得的高温环境(200~1 100℃)下矩形板结构的模态频率的试验结果与数值计算结果取得了比较好的一致性,验证了本试验方法的可信性及可用性。本研究结果为高超声速飞行器翼舵结构在高温环境下的振动特性分析以及安全可靠性设计提供了重要的试验手段和参考依据。
In the high-Mach number flight of Hypersonic vehicles, the attitude control structures such as wing, rudder and tailstock will face extremely harsh high temperature environment. In order to obtain the thermal modal parameters of the difficult-to-measure structure under high temperature and vibration, Combining the transient aerodynamic simulation system with the vibration test system, a high temperature thermal / vibration joint test system was established to test and test the key vibration parameters such as modal frequency of the rectangular plate structure under the temperature of 1 200 ℃. At the same time, the thermal modal characteristics of the rectangular plate structure are numerically calculated, and the test results and the calculated results are compared and verified. In the experiment, the structural vibration signal is transmitted to the high temperature field through the self-developed high-temperature ceramic guide rod extension device. The accelerometer at room temperature is used to identify the vibration signal. The time-frequency analysis technique is used to test the experimental data Analysis and processing. The experimental results of the modal frequencies of the rectangular plate structure in high temperature environment (200 ~ 1 100 ℃) obtained in this paper are in good agreement with the numerical calculation results, which verify the credibility and availability of the test method. The results of this study provide important experimental methods and references for the analysis of the vibration characteristics and the design of safety and reliability of the supersonic aircraft wing structure at high temperature.