南宋初年,洞庭湖畔爆发的钟相、杨幺领导的农民起义,是北宋末年以来社会阶级矛盾和民族矛盾全面激化的必然结果.这次起义从1130年到1135年,前后历时将近六年.革命初起之日,起义英雄们就建立了国号为“楚”的农民政权,在反动势力四面包围之中坚持武装斗争.这次起义的活动范围虽然局限在洞庭湖地区,但在纲领口号、斗争组织形式和作战方式上,都具有显著的特点.它在中国农民战争史上占有相当重要的地位. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, the outbreak of Dongting Lake and the peasant uprising led by Yang were the inevitable result of the intensification of social-class conflicts and ethnic conflicts since the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, which lasted nearly six years from 1130 to 1135. In the first days of the revolution, the insurgent heroes established the peasant regime with the national title “Chu” and insisted on armed struggle surrounded by the reactionary forces. Although the scope of this uprising was confined to the Dongting Lake area, The slogan of the program, the organizational form of the struggle and the mode of operation all have notable features. They occupy a quite important position in the history of the Chinese peasant war.