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人类卵巢功能的调节机制极其复杂,是由多个卵巢内旁分泌信号整合的中枢神经系统、垂体及卵巢之间进行复杂对话的过程。卵子来源的骨形态发生蛋白15(BMP15)及生长分化因子9(GDF9)是近年来新发现的卵巢内旁分泌调节机制相关调节分子,已逐渐成为卵巢功能维持及卵子发生调节的研究热点。BMP15/GDF9在女性生育中的主要的生物学功能包括:1促进卵泡生长及成熟(从不依赖于促性腺激素的原始卵泡期开始);2调节颗粒细胞对促卵泡生成素(FSH)作用的敏感性,决定卵泡排出的比例;3预防颗粒细胞凋亡;4促进卵泡的发育潜能。BMP15/GDF9异常将导致Tunner综合征、卵巢功能不全,还可能与PCOS,异卵双胎有关;而卵泡液中BMP15水平是预测卵巢低反应患者IVF结局的一个潜在指标。
The regulatory mechanism of human ovarian function is extremely complicated, which is a process of complex conversation between the central nervous system, the pituitary and the ovary which is integrated by multiple ovarian paracrine signals. Ovary-derived BMP15 and GDF9, which are newly discovered regulator of ovarian paracrine regulation in recent years, have gradually become the focus of ovary maintenance and ovarian regulation. The major biological functions of BMP15 / GDF9 in female reproduction include: 1 promoting follicular growth and maturation (starting from the primordial follicular phase independent of gonadotropin); 2 modulating the effects of granulosa cells on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Sensitivity, determine the proportion of follicular discharge; 3 prevent apoptosis of granulosa cells; 4 promote follicle development potential. Abnormality of BMP15 / GDF9 leads to Tunner syndrome, ovarian insufficiency, and may also be related to PCOS and fraternal twins. BMP15 level in follicular fluid is a potential indicator of IVF outcome in patients with ovarian hypofunction.