中古时期的禅(指禅三,下同)、日、奉、微四纽分立划然。近代以后(指宋以后),禅日与奉微这两对声母才在部分汉语方言中分别出现了混同现象。据我们所知,这一现象在目前的现代汉语方言中似乎只见于部分吴语。可见它们的合流只是一种并不具有普遍意义的方言音变。从官话音系的角度来看,这几个声母的发音部位与发音方法相差颇远,无由发生合流,因而常常引起研究者的忽略。我们认 Meditation in ancient times (referring to Zen Third, the same below), Japan, Bong, micro-four New Zealand separate. After the modern times (after the song), the two pairs of consonants, Zen Buddhism and Fengwei, were mixed in some Chinese dialects. To the best of our knowledge, this phenomenon seems to be found in only a part of Wu dialects in the current modern Chinese dialects. Can be seen that their confluence is only one does not have a universal dialect variation. From the point of view of the official phonology, the pronunciation parts of these initials are quite different from the pronunciation method, and confusion can not occur. Therefore, it is often caused by researchers’ negligence. We recognize