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分配制度改革,是实现企业转制、建立现代企业制度的一项内容。落实“各尽所能、按劳分配”的社会主义分配原则,是企业分配制度改革的指导思想。分配制度改革是一个动态的过程,其目标应是职工群体积极性的最大化。 一、企业分配制度改革,要走出计划经济时代的模式,建立适应社会主义市场经济要求的分配模式 几十年来,我们一直执行的是低工资、广就业的政策,结果是低效率也低效益。因为是低工资,就有了全面的福利来弥补。说不清的福利和补贴,占用企业留利,挤占生产资金,加剧了企业生产经营的困难局面。因此,必须建立适应社会主义市场经典所要求的分配制度。 1、劳动报酬货币化。首先把企业外围的第三产业、职工医院、住房的建设和管理等与企业脱钩,使其成为自我发展、自负盈亏的经济实体。其次是使企业内不愿上班或不能上岗的人员下岗离职,去从事第三产业的工作,或参加培训,取得某种技能后再重新上岗,或安排提前退休。最后是变“暗补”为“明补”,将补贴货币化,纳入职工的劳动报酬。
The reform of the distribution system is part of the realization of enterprise restructuring and the establishment of a modern enterprise system. The implementation of the principle of “distribution according to work and distribution according to work” is the guiding ideology for the reform of the enterprise distribution system. The reform of the distribution system is a dynamic process, and its goal should be to maximize the enthusiasm of the workers and staff groups. First, the reform of the enterprise distribution system must go beyond the model of the planned economy and establish a distribution model that meets the requirements of the socialist market economy. For decades, we have been implementing a low-wage, wide-employment policy, resulting in low efficiency and low efficiency. Because it is low wages, there will be full benefits to make up for. Unexplained benefits and subsidies, occupying corporate profits, and crowding out production funds have exacerbated the difficulties in production and business operations. Therefore, we must establish a distribution system that meets the requirements of the socialist market classics. 1. Monetization of labor remuneration. First of all, the company’s external tertiary industry, staff hospitals, housing construction and management, etc., are decoupled from the enterprise, making it an economic entity that develops itself and assumes self-financing. The second is to make people who are not willing to go to work or who cannot take jobs leave the company, go to work in the tertiary industry, or participate in training, get some kind of skills before starting a new job, or arrange early retirement. In the end, it is to change the “dark complement” to “make up” and to monetize the subsidies and include the employees’ labor compensation.