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易损斑块的特征是纤维帽薄、动脉粥样硬化斑块核心比例高、斑块炎症明显及伴斑块内出血。易损斑块易发生破裂,引起血小板黏附聚集和血栓形成。冠状动脉内易损斑块破裂可引起急性冠脉事件。血管内超声、虚拟组织学成像、激应图成像、光学相干断层成像、血管内磁共振显像、血管镜、分光镜等是目前检测易损斑块的主要手段。对冠状动脉内易损斑块应积极干预,药物、局部治疗、安放支架等是目前治疗易损斑块的主要方法。
Vulnerable plaque is characterized by a thin fibrous cap, a high proportion of atherosclerotic plaque core, significant plaque inflammation, and plaque hemorrhage. Vulnerable plaque prone to rupture, causing platelet adhesion and aggregation and thrombosis. Coronary artery vulnerable plaque rupture can cause acute coronary events. Intravascular ultrasound, virtual histological imaging, laser mapping imaging, optical coherence tomography, intravascular magnetic resonance imaging, vascular endoscopy, spectroscopy, etc. are the main means of detecting vulnerable plaque. Coronary artery vulnerable plaques should be actively intervened, drugs, local treatment, stent placement is the main method of treatment of vulnerable plaque.