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我省自然条件极适于油茶生长,群众已有长期经营习惯与丰富经验,种植面积约为四百五十万亩。全省八十六县除南县、安乡、沅江三县外,其余各县皆有分布,其中以耒阳、永兴、醴陵、道县、衡山、宁远、黔阳、会同、邢阳、桃源、汉寿、郴县、常宁、平江、浏阳、沅陵、怀化、溆浦、龙山、桑植、吉首、凤凰等县出产较多。由于种植普遍,油茶在广大的山区和丘陵区已成为农民的一项主要副业收入,某些区乡的油茶生产则成为群众的主要生产内容,如永兴三区界牌乡全乡八○五户,其中有一七四户全无稻田,全乡有油茶林二二五八五亩,占总面积百分之九十以上。全省油茶产量战前最高年产量曾达六十四万担,由于反动派的摧残破坏,自抗日战争开始产量锐减。解放后,虽有恢复,但直到一九五三年(油茶小年)年产量尚只四十五万担,一九五四年约达五十多万担。现有油茶林百分之六十已荒芜很久,并且超过七、八十年生的达半数以上,且品种混乱,林相参差,部分油茶林蔓延有油茶尺蠖、蚂蚁、瘿瘤病等严重的病害;单位面积产量极低,有的甚至每亩只能年产油二、三斤。
Natural conditions in our province is extremely suitable for the growth of Camellia oleifera, the masses have long-term operating habits and rich experience, planting area of about 4.5 million mu. Eighty-six counties in the province except Nanxian County, Anxiang County and Yuanjiang County are all distributed. Among the remaining counties, Xingyang County, Yongxing County, Liling County, Daoxian County, Hengshan County, Ningyuan County, Qiangyang County, Taoyuan, Hanshou, Chenxian, Changning, Pingjiang, Liuyang, Yuanling, Huaihua, Xupu, Longshan, Sangzhi, Jishou, Phoenix and other counties produce more. Owing to the widespread cultivation, Camellia has become a major sideline income of peasants in the vast mountainous and hilly areas. The production of Camellia oil in some districts and townships has become the main production content of the masses. For example, the entire township of Jiexing Township, Yongxing District, Among them, there are 174 households with no paddy field, and the township has 21,585 mu of Camellia oleifera forest, accounting for more than 90% of the total area. The highest annual output of camellia oil in the province reached a maximum of 640,000 tons. Due to the destruction and destruction of the reactionaries, the output dropped sharply since the Anti-Japanese War. After the liberation, although it was resumed, the annual output until 453 (Camellia Year) was only 450,000 tons and in 1950 it amounted to about 500,000 tons. Sixty percent of the existing oil-tea plantations have been desolate for a long time and more than half of them have passed the seven- and eighty-year-old births. In addition, the varieties are mixed and the forests are mixed with each other. Some of the oil-tea plantations have serious diseases such as Camellia oleracea, ants, Yield per unit area is very low, and some even only produce two or three jin of oil per mu.