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面向工业检测领域提出一种工业构件螺栓孔的空间位置检测方法,以解决大型工业钢结构特征位置的检测问题。通过三维激光扫描获得构件的完整点云,提取螺栓孔的点云,利用非线性的最小二乘法拟合螺栓孔的中心,获得螺栓孔中心在点云坐标系中的坐标。同时,根据设计尺寸建立构件的标准模型作为检测的基准,将模型特征转换成一组点表示,拟合对应的螺栓孔中心,获得螺栓孔中心在模型坐标系中的坐标。利用两个坐标系中若干个公共点计算平移矩阵和旋转矩阵,最后将点云坐标系中的坐标转换到模型坐标系中,计算出标准模型与构件对应点之间的误差,从而实现对工业构件螺栓孔的空间位置精度检测。
In the field of industrial testing, a method for detecting the spatial position of bolt holes in industrial components is proposed to solve the problem of detecting the characteristic positions of large industrial steel structures. The complete point cloud of the component is obtained by 3D laser scanning, the point cloud of the bolt hole is extracted, and the center of the bolt hole is fitted by the non-linear least square method to obtain the coordinate of the bolt hole center in the point cloud coordinate system. At the same time, according to the standard model of component size as the benchmark, the model features are transformed into a set of point representations. The corresponding center of bolt hole is fitted and the center of the bolt hole coordinate in the model coordinate system is obtained. Using two common coordinate system in a number of common translation matrix and rotation matrix calculation, and finally the coordinates of the point cloud coordinate system into the model coordinate system to calculate the error between the standard model and the corresponding component points, in order to achieve the industrial Component bolt hole space position accuracy detection.