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2012年大豆花叶病毒(SMV)病发病盛期,在我国黑龙江省大豆主产区的哈尔滨、绥化、黑河、齐齐哈尔、佳木斯和牡丹江市的68块大豆生产田、国营农场及部分科研单位的试验田采集病样461份,经在感病大豆品种南农1138-2上初步繁殖鉴定、单斑分离纯化和血清学鉴定,最终获得阳性SMV单一分离物63个。采用一套共10个大豆鉴别寄主鉴定了63个分离物在鉴别寄主上的反应,发现63个分离物分属2个SMV致病型。其中6个(9.5%)分离物属SC15株系,57个(90.5%)分离物属SC18株系。发现黑龙江省SMV株系组成较简单,强毒株系SC15零星发生,弱毒株系SC18为优势株系且分布较广。与以往鉴定结果比较,发现SC15与吕文清等鉴定的东北3号株系致病性相近,SC18与东北1号株系相近。建议黑龙江省大豆SMV防控和大豆抗病育种应以优势SMV株系SC18为主,并兼顾强毒株系SC15。
In the peak of the onset of soybean mosaic virus (SMV) disease in 2012, 68 soybean production fields, state-owned farms and some experimental fields in Harbin, Suihua, Heihe, Qiqihar, Jiamusi and Mudanjiang in the main soybean producing areas of Heilongjiang Province A total of 461 samples were collected and identified. The results showed that the susceptible soybean variety Nannong 1138-2 was initially propagated and identified, single blot and purification, and serological identification. Finally, 63 SMV positive isolates were obtained. A total of 10 soybean differential hosts were used to identify 63 isolates on the differential host response and 63 isolates were found to belong to 2 SMV pathogenicity groups. Among them, 6 (9.5%) isolates belong to SC15 and 57 (90.5%) isolates belong to SC18. It was found that the composition of SMV strains in Heilongjiang Province was relatively simple, the virulent strain SC15 sporadically occurred, and the attenuated strain SC18 was the dominant strain with a wide distribution. Compared with the previous identification results, it was found that the pathogenicity of SC15 was similar to that of northeast 3 identified by Lu Wenqing and SC18. It is suggested that the SMV control and soybean resistance breeding should be dominated by SMV strain SC18 in Heilongjiang Province, taking into account the virulence strain SC15.