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目的描述不同体重新生儿的潮气呼吸肺功能及功能残气量特征,探讨体重与肺功能之间的关系。方法选取2010年7月至2013年7月在深圳市儿童医院新生儿科住院的新生儿120例,按检测时体重分为极低体重组、低体重组、正常体重组、大体重组,运用超声流量仪及多重气体洗出法对入组新生儿进行潮气呼吸肺功能及功能残气量检测,比较不同体重新生儿潮气量、功能残气量、呼气流速参数的异同。结果极低体重组及低体重组潮气量(TV)、功能残气量(FRC)低于正常体重组、大体重组,极低体重组及低体重组呼吸频率(RR)高于正常体重组、大体重组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);极低体重组及低体重组呼气达峰时间比(TPEF/Te)、呼气达峰容积比(VPEF/Ve)、75%、50%、25%潮气量时呼气流速(TEF75、TEF50、TEF25)均低于正常体重组及大体重组,组间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);不同体重新生儿潮气呼吸流速-容量环(TBFV环)显示极低体重及低体重组较之正常体重、大体重组环内面积降低,呼气相曲线升支高峰前移,降支陡峭,斜率增大。结论新生儿体重越低潮气量及功能残气量越小、呼吸频率越快、呼气流速越低、气道阻力越高。预防低出生体重是促进新生儿生呼吸功能完善的重要因素。
Objective To describe the lung function and residual capacity of tidal breathing in different weight neonates and to explore the relationship between body weight and pulmonary function. Methods From July 2010 to July 2013, 120 newborns hospitalized in Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital of Shenzhen were divided into low-weight group, low-weight group, normal weight group, Instrument and multiple gas washout method were used to detect the lung function and functional residual capacity of the newborn infants. The similarities and differences of tidal volume, functional residual capacity and expiratory flow rate of neonates with different weight were compared. Results The tidal volume (TV) and functional residual capacity (FRC) in the low and low body weight groups were lower than those in the normal body weight group. The respiration rate (RR) in the total body weight, the low body weight group and the low body weight group were higher than those in the normal body weight group (P <0.05). The ratio of TPEF / Te, VPEF / Ve, 75%, 50 in the low body weight group and the low body weight group were significantly higher than those in the low body weight group %, TEF50, TEF25) were lower than those of normal weight group and general weight group at 25% tidal volume (P <0.05). The tidal respiratory flow rate of neonates with different body weight - The volume ring (TBFV ring) showed very low body weight and low body weight compared with normal body weight, the area of the gross reorganization ring decreased, the peak of the ascending phase of the expiratory phase shifted forward, the descending branch steep and the slope increased. Conclusions The lower the neonatal weight, the lower the tidal volume and functional residual capacity, the faster the respiratory rate and the lower the expiratory flow rate, the higher the airway resistance. Preventing low birth weight is an important factor in improving neonatal respiratory function.