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社会主义经济怎样运行,是采取计划经济形式,主要依靠计划调节;还是采取市场经济形式,主要依靠市场调节?这是社会主义经济建设中一个至关重要的理论问题,也是过去人们争论的一个焦点。马克思、恩格斯虽然没有为未来社会描绘和设计出具体的、详细的蓝图与方案,但对这一问题却明确表明了他们自己的理论设想。他们针对资本主义经济运行采取市场经济形式,主要依靠市场调节的状况,提出社会主义经济运行要靠计划调节的理论设想。恩格斯在《反杜林论》中指出:“一旦社会占有了生产资料,商品生产就将被消除,而产品对生产者的统治也将随之消除,社会生产内部的无政府状态将为有计划的自觉的组织所代替。”(《马克思恩格斯选集》
How to run the socialist economy depends on whether the planned economic form depends on the plan adjustment or whether the market economy forms depends mainly on market regulation. This is a crucial theoretical issue in the socialist economic construction and also a focus of controversy in the past . Although Marx and Engels did not depict and design specific and detailed blueprints and plans for the future society, their own theoretical assumptions on this issue were clearly stated. For the capitalist economy, they adopted the form of market economy and relied mainly on market regulation, proposing that the socialist economy should rely on the theory of plan adjustment. Engels pointed out in Anti-Duhring: “Once society has the means of production in its possession, the production of commodities will be eliminated and the domination of the producers on producers will be eliminated, and the anarchy within social production will be Plan conscious organization instead. ”“ (”Marx and Engels Collection"