目的调查深圳市职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSD)发病情况及社会心理因素的影响。方法采用横断面调查法,对深圳市机械加工、珠宝加工、钢结构、设备制造企业2 044名员工进行WMSD及相关社会心理因素的问卷调查。对调查对象工作情况进行聚类分析,可能的危险因素进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果调查对象曾患WMSD患病率56.4%,曾因患WMSD请假率7.5%;近1年患WMSD患病率48.1%,近1年因患WMSD请假率5.6%;近1周患WMSD患病率38.0%,近1周因患WMSD请假率3.7%。工作满意感评分与曾患WMSD率、年患WMSD率、周患WMSD率的比值比(OR)值分别为:0.766、0.865、0.779,消极心理情绪评分与曾患WMSD率、年患WMSD率、周患WMSD率的OR值分别为:1.406、1.458、1.455,积极心理情绪评分与曾经因患WMSD请假率的OR值为0.813,工作有危险性评分与周患WMSD率、周因患WMSD请假率的OR值分别为:1.123、1.226,支持与人际关系评分与周因患WMSD请假率的OR值为1.437。本次调查尚未发现工作任务、工作控制自评分与WMSD发生相关的统计学证据。结论调查企业的员工WMSD患病率较高,因患WMSD的工时损失不容忽视。职业相关心理社会因素对WMSD发生有一定影响,可从提高工作满意感,疏导化解悲观、焦虑、抑郁情绪,改善支持与人际关系,营造安全舒适的工作氛围等进行干预。 Objective To investigate the incidence of occupational musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) in Shenzhen and the impact of psychosocial factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the WMSD and related psychosocial factors of 2 044 employees in Shenzhen machining, jewelry processing, steel structure and equipment manufacturing enterprises. Cluster analysis of the work of the survey, the possible risk factors for multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The respondents had a prevalence rate of 56.4% of WMSD, a 7.5% rate of WMSD leave, a prevalence rate of 48.1% in WMSD in recent 1 year, a 5.6% rate of WMSD in recent 1 year and a WMSD rate of 1 week Rate of 38.0%, nearly 1 week because of WMSD leave rate of 3.7%. The odds ratios (WOM), WMSD rate (WMSD rate), WMSD rate (WMSD rate) were 0.766,0.865,0.779, negative mood emotion score and those who had WMSD rate, WMSD rate, The odds of weekly WMSD were 1.406, 1.458 and 1.455 respectively. The OR of the positive psychological emotion score and the once-attended WMSD leave rate was 0.813, and the work had risk scores and WMSD rate. The WMSD leave rate was OR of 1.123 and 1.226 respectively. The odds ratio of support and interpersonal relationship scores and WMSD leave rate for the week was 1.437. The survey has not found the work tasks, job control self-ratings and WMSD related statistical evidence. Conclusion The prevalence of WMSD in the surveyed enterprises is high, and the man-hour loss due to WMSD can not be ignored. Occupationally related psychosocial factors have an impact on the occurrence of WMSD. Intervention can be made from improving job satisfaction, facilitating the resolution of pessimism, anxiety and depression, improving support and interpersonal relationships, and creating a safe and comfortable working atmosphere.