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露天矿具有建设速度快,产量大,劳动生产率高等优点,成为近代世界金属矿山发展的方向。我国也制订了优先发展露天矿的方针,今后八年内,露天矿的开采比重要求提高到85％。伴随着露天开采比重的增大,开采规模的大型化,高强度高效率采矿设备的使用,以及露天矿向深部发展,出现了大气污染和劳动保护等一系列新问题。粉尘及毒害气体对采区大气的污染,严重危害矿山职工身体健康,妨碍生产效率的提高。南方深凹露天矿的降温问题,不仅是改善环境的需要,也是坚持生产的重要条件,必须引起广泛的重视。建国以来,我国在矿山井下通风防尘方面积累了一定经验,但在露天矿方面,经验很少,也很零碎。不少科研领域还处于空白状态,没有引起足够的重视。为了适应优先发展露天矿的形势,必须集中各类专业人员,迅速建立一支有相当人数的技术队伍,研究露天矿粉尘及大气污染的基本理论,为露天矿通风奠定基础;要结合生产,重点研究控制露天矿山污染的方法,使新设备。新工艺在投产之前就具有少污染的特点;应充分应用激光、电子等学科先进技术成就,加速研制精确、快速、自动连续记录的仪器仪表,并使之与电子计算机联系起来,建立和发展我国露天矿大气条件、环境污染的监测体系,使我国露天矿环境保护领域的科学技术水平进入世界先进行列。
Open-pit mines have the advantages of fast construction, large output and high labor productivity, which have become the direction of the development of modern world metal mines. China has also formulated the principle of giving priority to the development of open-pit mines. In the next eight years, the proportion of open-pit mining needs to be raised to 85%. With the increase of the proportion of open-pit mining, the large scale of mining, the use of high-intensity and high-efficiency mining equipment, and the further development of surface mines, a series of new problems have emerged such as air pollution and labor protection. Dust and poisonous gas pollution of the mining area atmosphere, seriously endanger the health of mine workers, hinder the improvement of production efficiency. The problem of cooling in the deep-pit open-pit mine in the south is not only the need to improve the environment but also an important condition for insisting on production. It must be given extensive attention. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, our country has accumulated some experience in mine ventilation and dust prevention. However, in the open pit mine, our experience is very little and fragmented. Many scientific research areas are still in a blank state, did not attract enough attention. In order to adapt to the situation of giving priority to the development of open-pit mines, all kinds of professionals must be concentrated to rapidly establish a considerable number of technical teams to study the basic theory of dust and air pollution in open-air mines and lay the foundation for the ventilation of open-pit mines; Research methods to control the pollution of open mines to make new equipment. The new process should be less contaminated before it is put into production. The advanced technological achievements in lasers, electronics and other disciplines should be fully utilized to speed up the development of instruments that are accurate, rapid and automatic continuous recording and linked with electronic computers to establish and develop our country Opencast mine atmospheric conditions, environmental monitoring system, so that the field of open-pit mine environmental science and technology into the advanced ranks of the world.