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目的研究高功率毫米波(HPMMW)对急性持续辐照致死小鼠皮肤的损伤效应。方法使用34.1 GHz毫米波源,分别连通4种角锥喇叭天线垂直辐照小鼠背侧,输出平均功率分别为5、10、12W,辐照距离分别为角锥喇叭天线垂直下方10、20mm,持续辐照直至小鼠死亡。取辐照区域皮肤并立即置于4%甲醛溶液中固定。制备石蜡切片,经HE、天狼猩红染色后进行图像采集,使用图像分析软件(ImageProPlus)定量分析皮肤各层结构的病理变化。结果受辐照小鼠均出现不同程度皮肤损伤,其中喇叭天线HD-320HA24.12辐照组小鼠存活时间较长,皮肤表现为慢性损伤,真皮胶原纤维密度降低、消失,皮下脂肪层变薄甚至消失,肌细胞排列稀疏等。喇叭天线HD-320HA23.16组小鼠存活时间最短,皮肤表现为严重急性损伤,真皮层胶原纤维密度增加甚至无间隙,肌细胞排列稀疏等。喇叭天线HD-320HA9.49和HD-320HA9.92的损伤类型与急性损伤类似。结论 HPMMW急性持续辐照可导致小鼠皮肤损伤,其中高强度辐照可导致皮肤急性损伤,而低强度辐照可导致皮肤慢性损伤,所造成的皮肤损伤可深达小鼠皮下深层组织,各组肌肉层的损伤程度基本相同,真皮层的损伤形式与HPMMW的作用强度和时间有关。真皮层纤维组织及皮下肌细胞的密度和分布形式可作为评价皮肤损伤程度的指标,为深入研究毫米波对皮肤的损伤规律和机制提供依据,并为电磁辐照生物效应的定量化研究提供参考。
Objective To study the effect of high power millimeter wave (HPMMW) on the skin damage of acute death mice. Methods 34.1 GHz millimeter-wave sources were used to connect the four kinds of pyramidal horn antennas to the dorsal side of the mice respectively. The average output powers were 5, 10, and 12 W respectively. The irradiation distances were 10 and 20 mm vertically below the pyramidal horn antenna, respectively Irradiated until the mice died. The skin of the irradiated area was taken and immediately fixed in 4% formaldehyde solution. Paraffin sections were prepared and imaged after HE and Sirius red staining. The pathological changes in the structures of the layers of the skin were quantitatively analyzed by ImageProPlus. Results All irradiated mice showed different degrees of skin damage. The mice in the horn antenna HD-320HA24.12 irradiated group survived for a long time, the skin showed chronic injury, the collagen density in the dermis decreased and disappeared, and the subcutaneous fat layer became thinner Even disappear, muscle cells arranged in sparse and so on. Horn antenna HD-320HA23.16 group mice survival time of the shortest, the skin showed severe acute injury, dermal collagen density increases without gaps, myocytes arranged in sparse and so on. Horn antennas HD-320HA9.49 and HD-320HA9.92 are similar in type of injury to acute lesions. Conclusions HPMMW acute irradiation can cause skin lesions in mice. High-intensity irradiation can cause acute skin injury, while low-intensity irradiation can cause chronic skin damage. The resulting skin damage can reach deep subcutaneous tissue in mice. The injury degree of the muscular layer in the group was basically the same. The damage form of the dermis was related to the intensity and time of HPMMW. The density and distribution of dermis fibroblasts and subcutaneous muscle cells can be used as an index to evaluate the degree of skin damage. It provides a basis for further study on the rules and mechanisms of millimeter wave damage to skin and provides a reference for the quantitative study of the biological effects of electromagnetic irradiation .