论文部分内容阅读
板栗繁殖采用实生与嫁接相结合的育苗方法——“三当”育苗法(即当年播种,当年嫁接,当年出圃),嫁接成活率高,操作省力省工,降低了生产成本。主要技术如下: 一、栗种选择及贮藏 培育砧木用的板栗种子,以自然脱落的为宜。应个大饱满,充分成熟,无病虫害和机械伤,坚果皮色变为褐色或棕褐色。北方地区多在秋分至寒露采收栗种。栗种贮藏分二种方法:(1)分层法:以室内为例。贮藏前严格消毒,每 100立方米用硫磺 1—1.5公斤,点燃后密闭门窗 2—3天,然后打开通风。贮藏前,先在地板上铺5—10厘米厚的净河沙,河沙湿度以手提成团、手松即散为标准,用木板刮平,在上面均匀摆一层栗种,然后将配备好的防病虫农药(呋喃丹、甲基托布津等),按一定浓度喷洒在上面,再覆上2—3厘米厚的湿沙。依次类推,到顶上时,应覆 10—15 厘米湿沙。贮藏期间,每2周抽样检查一次,调节好温度、湿度,最好温度保持在10—15℃,湿度以表面不见干为宜,不足时,应及时洒水补充。
Chestnut breeding using real and grafting combination of nursery method - “three when” nursery law (that is, then sowing, then grafting, then out of nursery), grafting survival rate, the operation of labor-saving and labor-saving, reducing production costs. The main techniques are as follows: First, chestnut species selection and storage of stocking chestnut seeds for stocking, natural off is appropriate. Should be a big full, fully mature, no pests and mechanical injury, nut skin color turned brown or tan. Northern region and more in the autumn to the cold dew harvest chestnut species. Chestnut storage points in two ways: (1) Stratification method: indoor as an example. Strict disinfection before storage, with 1-1.5 kg of sulfur per 100 cubic meters, sealed doors and windows sealed 2-3 days, then open the ventilation. Pre-storage, first on the floor to shop 5-10 cm thick net river sand, river sand humidity to hand into a group, loose hand that is scattered as a standard, with a flat wood plank, top evenly placed in a layer of chestnut species, and then will be equipped with good Of pest control pesticides (carbofuran, thiophanate-methyl, etc.), according to a certain concentration sprayed on top, and then covered with 2-3 cm thick wet sand. And so on, to the top, you should cover 10-15 cm wet sand. Storage period, sampling inspection every 2 weeks, regulate the temperature and humidity, the best temperature maintained at 10-15 ℃, humidity to the surface is not dry is appropriate, inadequate, it should promptly add sprinkling.