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研究了各种冶金因素对6063合金挤压型材的苛性蚀洗和阳极氧化抛光特性曲线的影响。铁含量高低的影响最为重要,铁含量较高(>0.20％)会促使产生更为无光的表面。铸锭均匀化及挤压工艺对苛性蚀洗特性曲线的影响在其次,因为坯料预热和二次加热温度较低能促使产生更好的漫射表面。然而采用这些工艺,经抛光处理后的挤压型材难于达到最佳机械性能。人工时效工艺(状态)对所研究的冶金因素的影响最重要,时效至最大硬度的材料(T6状态)呈现最令人满意的无光表面,过时效材料(T52状态)次之,自然时效材料(T4状态)则呈现最光亮的表面。简要讨论了6063合金挤压型材抛光过程中出现的某些缺陷,包括软点条纹、“镀锌点”。
The effects of various metallurgical factors on the caustic washing and anodizing polishing characteristic curves of 6063 alloy extruded sections were studied. The effect of iron levels is most important, with higher iron levels (> 0.20%) resulting in a fairer surface. The effects of the homogenization of the ingot and the extrusion process on the caustic washout characteristics are secondly because of the pre-heating of the billet and the relatively low temperature of the secondary heating, which leads to a better diffusing surface. However, the use of these processes, the polished extruded profiles difficult to achieve the best mechanical properties. Artificial aging process (state) is most important for the metallurgical factors studied, the material aged to the maximum hardness (T6 state) exhibits the most satisfactory matte surface, the second is the over-aged material (T52 state), the natural aging material (T4 state) is the brightest surface. Some shortcomings in the polishing process of 6063 alloy extrusion profiles are briefly discussed, including soft spot stripes and “galvanized spots.”