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模锻锤是承受多次冲击载荷的金属成形机器。现有的最大载荷设计理论已不符合锤机主要构件的实际承载情况,而应以载荷谱和应力谱为基础进行疲劳强度设计,目前从理论上直接建立这两种谱尚有一定困难。作者采用测试、调研统计、类比和理论计算相结合的方法建立了模锻锤的载荷谱。此外,作者在多次试验中发现锤杆上首次峰值应力与模锻锤打击力之间的相关关系,通过大量的实验数据建立了相应的回归方程。因此从模锻锤的打击负荷分布可求出锤杆上首次峰值应力分布,再借助于减幅系数和无效变程,运用峰值计数法建立了锤杆上的应力谱,尤其是危险区的应力谱,这是一条可行和有效的金属成形机器的编谱方法。
Forging hammer is to withstand multiple impact load of metal forming machines. The existing theory of maximum load design has not accorded with the actual load situation of the main components of the hammer machine. Instead, the fatigue strength design based on the load spectrum and the stress spectrum should be conducted. At present, it is still difficult to directly establish these two kinds of spectra theoretically. The author uses the method of test, research statistics, analogy and theoretical calculation to establish the load spectrum of die forging hammer. In addition, the authors found the correlation between the first peak stress on the hammer rod and the striking force of the forging hammer in many experiments, and established the corresponding regression equation through a large amount of experimental data. Therefore, the first peak stress distribution on the rod can be obtained from the impact load distribution of die forging hammer, and then the stress spectrum on the hammer rod is established by the peak counting method with the aid of the damping coefficient and the invalid range, especially the stress in the danger zone Spectra, which is a viable and efficient method of compilation of metal forming machines.