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在世界范围内,地震造成的受伤死亡比(R=受伤/死亡)随时间增加。这表明现今人们在地震中更有可能幸存的比例约是50年前的2倍。然而,任何对R值有意义的分析(至少)都需要按国家类型区分和按震中位置(陆地或近海)区分。陆地地震的R值通常是海域地震的一半。工业化国家的R值比发展中国家的大2~3倍。在保护民众方面中国和日本是取得最大进步的国家。R值不随时间增加的国家包括伊朗、土耳其和希腊。其比例的基本趋势是明显的,然而由于个别国家的数据集相对平均来讲太少,因此难以明确考虑。我们建议用R值来调整全球地震人员损失评估的伤亡矩阵。
Worldwide, the number of wounded deaths (R = Injuries / Deaths) caused by earthquakes increased over time. This shows that people today are more likely to survive the earthquake about twice as fast as 50 years ago. However, any meaningful analysis of R values (at a minimum) needs to be distinguished by country type and by epicenter (land or offshore). The R value of land-based earthquakes is usually half that of sea-based earthquakes. The value of R in industrialized countries is two to three times greater than in developing countries. China and Japan are the countries that have made the most progress in protecting the public. Countries where R does not increase over time include Iran, Turkey and Greece. The basic trend of its proportions is obvious, however, since individual country datasets are relatively small on average, it is difficult to consider explicitly. We recommend using the R value to adjust the casualty matrix for Earthquake Assessment of Earthquake Losses.