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卫星影像展示了伊朗东南部地区活动断层的地貌和几何学特征。断层活动引发的巴姆(Bam)地震造成超过40000人死亡,发震时间为2003年12月26日1点56分52秒(UTC),震中位于巴姆和Baravat附近的城镇,震级为6.6级。利用ASTER的可见光和近红外(VNIR)数据生成震前、震后三维(3D)鸟瞰影像,可以观测到断层活动引起的地表变化。卫星影像的解译和分析显示,Bam—Baravat地区发育一条长约65km的右旋走滑断层。断层破碎带在两个地区之间边界的一段地表出露,走向北北西方向。震源机制解及在野外观察到的地貌证据显示,本次地震的地震破裂可能是扭压力引发的。在过去的2000年里,巴姆地区还没有一次地震的破坏像2003年这次一样,结合卫星遥感技术和野外实地考察,这场灾难发生的可能性足以被发现。
Satellite images show the topography and geometric features of active faults in southeastern Iran. The Bam earthquake triggered by the fault activity killed more than 40,000 people and the onset time was 1:56:52 UTC (UTC) on December 26, 2003. The epicenter was in a town near Bam and Baravat with a magnitude of 6.6 . Pre-seismic and post-earthquake three-dimensional (3D) bird’s-eye images can be generated using ASTER visible and near infrared (VNIR) data to visualize the surface changes caused by fault activity. Interpretation and analysis of satellite images show that a dextral strike-slip fault about 65 km long is developed in the Bam-Baravat area. A section of the surface of the fault fracture zone at the boundary between the two areas is exposed and goes north, north and west. Focal mechanism solutions and the observed geomorphological evidence in the field indicate that the earthquake rupture may be caused by the torsional pressure. In the past 2000, there was not yet a devastating earthquake in the Bam region. As it was this time in 2003, the possibility of a catastrophic disaster could be discovered by combining satellite remote sensing with field trips.